Transmission Protocol and Bandwidth
HDMI uses TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signaling) encoding to reduce electromagnetic interference through differential signaling. The bandwidth has increased from 4.95 Gbps in version 1.0 to 48 Gbps in version 2.1, capable of carrying uncompressed 8K video streams.
Key functional characteristics
Dynamic HDR: Optimize brightness and color range frame by frame (such as HDR10+, Dolby Vision).
VRR (Variable Refresh Rate): eliminates game screen tearing and is compatible with NVIDIA G-SYNC and AMD FreeSync.
ALLM (Automatic Low Latency Mode): Automatically switches to game mode, reducing input latency to below 10ms.
DSC (Display Stream Compression): Lossless compression technology that supports higher resolution and refresh rate combinations.
Wire classification and certification
Standard HDMI cable: Supports 1080p and below resolution (bandwidth ≤ 10.2 Gbps).
High speed/ultra high speed lines: certified as “High Speed” (18 Gbps) and “Ultra High Speed” (48 Gbps), must pass EMI testing to ensure signal integrity.
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